Alessandra Rejane Ericsson
State University of Montes Claros, Brazil
Title: Molecular diagnosis of human visceral leishmaniasis
Submitted Date: Feb 11, 2015
Biography
Alessandra Rejane Ericsson de Oliveira Xavier has completed her PhD at age of 32 years at University of Brasilia and she has being attempted post-doctoral studies at Federal University of Minas Gerais. She worked in the QC Microbiology at Novo Nordisk, where she had experience in industrial microbiology acting on: Validation of microbiological analytical methods, writing standard operating procedures, training in microbiological methods, qualification of equipment and Rapid Microorganisms Identification methods. She also has experience in teaching in higher education, mainly teaching and researching in the Microbiology and Molecular Biology’s areas, focusing on diagnostics methods. She has been member of the validation committee at Novo Nordisk, as well as Director of Research and Ethics Committee’s member at University. She is expert in rapid methods for microorganism’s identification and molecular diagnostic of diseases. Current, she is professor in the medicine graduation and Biotechnology post-graduation courses at State University of Montes Claros.
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is an endemic and high mortality rate disease detected in around 65 countries, including Brazil. Three hundred and fifty million people are in the risk area and arise five hundred thousand new cases each year. Among the Brazilian area, the north of Minas Gerais state is considered high risk area. Mortality and severity of VL can be prevented with correct diagnosis, resulting in appropriate treatment. The definitive VL diagnosis is the demonstration of amastigotes parasite cells (Giemsa-stained slides) in splenic smears (sensitivity from 95% to 98%) or bone marrow aspirates (sensitivity from 53% to 95%). The Serology-based tests, such as rK39 ELISA and dipstick have high sensitivities and specificities but are not able to discriminate between past and current infections. The molecular diagnosis of VL by PCR on blood samples is an alternative method that presents high sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, efforts have been made to develop PCR methods using peripheral blood instead of bone narrow aspirates or splenic smear. We have being designing and testing specific primers to rRNA 18S and kDNA to be used as tool for VL diagnosis. Our results are very optimistic (sensitivity of 92%). The detection of DNA from parasite after VL treatment could be of great importance in the diagnosis, since it can be regarded as an important marker for healing. The molecular diagnosis of VL is a project performed by State University of Montes Claros and supported by University of Brasilia. The Ethical clearance for this project was obtained.
Liubov A Tashireva
Tomsk Cancer Research Institute, Russian Federation
Title: Microenvironment of morphologic structures of invasive carcinoma NST
Submitted Date: 8th June, 2015
Biography
Liubov Tashireva has completed her PhD at the age of 28 years from Siberian State Medical University. She is the Research Fellow of pathological anatomy department of Tomsk Cancer Research Institute. She has published more than 9 papers in reputed journals.
Abstract
Invasive carcinoma of non-specific type (IC NST) is characterized by different morphological structures presence. These structure is divided into two subtypes. The first group includes tubular, trabecular structure and discrete tumor cells and is characterized association of tumor cells not only with other tumor cells, but with the stroma. The second group, which includes solid and alveolar structure characterized connections between tumor cells without any connection with the stroma excepting external layer of cells. Significance of morphological intratumoral heterogeneity of IC NST described for tumor progression dependent on the menstrual status of patients. Furthermore, our research team demonstrated that the presence of alveolar structures increases the risk of nodal metastasis of IC NST. However, until now the role of the microenvironment of various structures in tumor progression is unknown. Gene expression analyze shows heterogeneity of microenvironment of morphological structures of IC NST. The microenvironment of alveolar structures presented Th2-type immune response. Since the properties of the tumor microenvironment is closely interact with tumor progression. It can be concluded that the development of Th2 immune response in microenvironment of alveolar structures contributes to the manifestation its invasive properties.
